Design of Beam for Torsion

Torsion occurs appreciably in many structures, such as in the main girders of bridges, which are twisted by transverse beams or slabs. It occurs in buildings where the edge of a floor slab and its main beams are supported by a spandrel beam running between the exterior columns. This situation is shown in the Figure 1.1, where the floor beam acts as off-center load and tends to twist the spandrel beam laterally. Buildings in which the center of mass and center of rigidity do not coincide are called asymmetrical structures. In such structures earthquakes can cause dangerous torsional forces.

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